DENSE MEDIUM SEPARATION:    AGRICULTURE    CARROTS    POTATOES    SUGAR

Agricultural Applications

ESR International’s involvement in vegetable preparation began back in 1985 with the largest cannery in Belgium. This cannery had just about given up all hope of isolating carrots and other root vegetables from the endless variety of contaminates that might surround them. Two dynamic effect separators, followed by a sophisticated color-sorting apparatus, followed by a group of 20 women, all failed to deliver a clean product.

The Dense Medium Separation of Root Vegetables

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To meet the challenge, ESR International designed a unique bi-directional dense medium barrel, and when it was first put in operation at this Belgian cannery, it was hard to believe the initial results. Not only did it remove stones and metals from the carrots, but it also removed near-gravity extraneous material such as corn stubble, fly ash and bits of plastic. Even young potatoes that had sprouted from a previous year's harvest separated out nicely and reported in their entirety with the stones. Within a few weeks of starting up this new separator at this cannery, the dynamic effect separators and the color-sorting apparatus were abandoned, and the group of 20 women was reduced to two.

The Most Precise Separator in Europe

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But the biggest surprise of all was the precise separation of a good carrot from a partially dehydrated carrot, or a good carrot from a low-density defect. Although the difference in density between a good and bad might be but a few points to the second or third decimal place, a clear and faultless separation took place. Here was a separator that performed 20 to 35 times more accurately than the best vegetable separators on the market. Not only were the maintenance costs associated with the processing of trash drastically reduced, but also issues regarding the quality, taste or texture of the vegetable fell for the first time within the processor's control.

Fine Sand in Suspension

In this revolutionary sorting process, the suspension fines needed to change the density of water are obtained nowhere else but from the dirt that mechanical harvesters extract along with the root vegetables. Two stages of classifying cyclones isolate ultra-fine sand from the scrub and rinse water of the pre-processing and cleaning line. In this way, one avoids the dreadful health issues associated with the use of clay or sand contaminated with dioxins or heavy metals, and one avoids as well the thorny environmental and maintenance issues associated with the use of salt and the disposal of brine.

Success in Europe

Eventually 16 bi-directional dense medium separators were sold in Belgium and France. The leading vegetable processor in Europe, Bonduelle, with a colossal 30% share of the European vegetable market, bought five separators. Their fifth separator, recently installed in August 2004 in Renescure, France, is the first vegetable separator designed by ESR LLC that does not employ vibratory screens. The food giant, Nestle (Sitpa), bought two 60 TPH potato separators which were installed at its dehydrating facility in Rosiere, France. With 16 separators in continuous operation in Europe, some for almost 20 years, it is truly remarkable that no one to this day has ever been able to establish a single separation error in the finished product.

A Revolution in the Sorting of Carrots

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ESR International LLC also designed for the carrot industry a special scrubber barrel that rids the carrot of adhering clay and sand. Special agitators within the scrubber gently scrub the carrots without breaking them. Typically two separations are required on carrots. The first separator removes dehydrated carrots, stones and other high-density debris, while the second separator removes low-density defective carrots and debris. Since stones are perfectly removed in the first separator, conventional stone catchers are no longer needed, and if stone-catching technology can be abandoned, so too the gigantic flumes wherein they are conventionally situated. How much easier it is to transport carrots from one point to another by means of a simple conveyor belt than by means of a river of water!

The Frying and Canning of Potatoes

This technology can push the potato industry in places it would never dream of going. Never again does the fry market have to process high sugar content potatoes that discolor and burn when fried, and never again does the canning market have to process high starch content potatoes that slough or disintegrate in a can. Since only those potatoes that pass the density test are allowed to be processed, most of the elaborate, sophisticated and costly equipment needed to identify and eliminate defects after processing is itself eliminated. Imagine the money that is saved by not having to fry or can a bad potato, and exciting possibilities open up of eliminating an entire range of diseased, bruised, damaged, stressed or improperly stored potatoes.

Total Control in the Processing of Potatoes

But if the potato processor can control tuber density to within a few points to the third decimal place, he can also apply a level of control far beyond simply eliminating stones and undesirable potatoes. In frying chip potatoes, for example, the operator can process at a given time only those potatoes of a narrow and limited moisture range. In this way potatoes pass through a frying line at a speed that precisely matches their moisture content and therefore, they fry in a thoroughly uniform manner. By creating two or more categories of low moisture content potatoes, all the potatoes exiting a frying line are cooked to the same moisture content and crispiness. Nothing is undercooked, and nothing is burned.

Likewise, in canning potatoes, the processor should not be satisfied with eliminating stones and undesirable potatoes of a high solids content. The operator can make distinctions between what cans best as whole potatoes and what cans best as sliced or diced potatoes.

A Revolution in the Processing of Sugar Beets

With regard to the sugar beet industry, the antiquated practice of transporting beets by means of a gigantic flume can be abandoned (since stone-catchers are no longer needed), and every beet that has gone bad in storage can be eliminated without sacrificing any of the good beets that surround them. With this technology, only beets that pass the density test, that is, only beets of the right sucrose content, are allowed to enter the diffuser. ESR now offers to the sugar beet industry a scrubber barrel to rid the beets of adhering dirt, as well as two dense medium separators, one to remove stones and other high-density debris, and the other to remove low-density trash as well as beets that have deteriorated in storage.

The Key to the Survival of the Sugarcane Industry in Louisiana

The sugar cane industry in Louisiana is obliged, rain or shine, to harvest and process the entire cane crop within a brief 100-day period. Even during the wettest weather, the billet harvester cannot stop, and consequently it extracts at times up to 40% extraneous material per ton of billeted cane. This creates huge losses in production, while operating and maintenance can increase by over 50%. With this technology, just about all of this extraneous material is eliminated, potentially saving each mill in Louisiana anywhere from $2 to $5 million dollars per season. It is hard to imagine an industry in greater need of density separation.

Conclusion

In conclusion, whether we are dealing with carrots or potatoes, beets or billets, ESR's dense medium process employing fine sand in suspension can make an enormous difference. Why process trash? Why process undesirable vegetables? Why process the right vegetable at the wrong speed or temperature? Why process the right vegetable for the wrong market? With this simple and inexpensive technology, ESR International can put the vegetable processor firmly in control of the science and art of giving to his market exactly what it demands.


DENSE MEDIUM SEPARATION:    FOOD    CARROTS    POTATOES    SUGAR